On March 6, 1912, the Gunsan Railway, which was a branch of the Honam Railway, was completed. Then, in Jeollabuk-do the Honam Railway and the Jeonbuk Light Railway were laid one after another. In the 1930s, the Jeonbuk Light Railway was connected to Yeosu Port in Jeollanam-do and became the Jeolla Railway. The aim of this article is to analyze the purpose and meaning of each line of the Jeollabuk-do railroad, which basically started from the 'coloniality'. The railroad in Jeollabuk-do was a ‘exploitation line’, which was built to transport rice produced in this province to Japan. For this reason, it was important to connect the railroad to Gunsan Port, the largest port in Jeollabuk-do. The Gunsan Railway between Iri and Gunsan and the Jeonbuk Light Railway between Iri and Jeonju were basic ‘exploitation lines’. Compared to these Railways, the Honam Railway served as a supplement to the Gunsan Railway in Jeollabuk-do, whereas it was a basic ‘exploitation line’ in Jeollanam-do. With the completion of the Gunsan Railway, Honam Railway, and Jeonbuk Light Railway, Gunsan Port became the largest port for trsnsporting rice produced in Choson to Japan. Meanwhile the installation of the Jeolla Railway was promoted with the intention of creating a new short-distance route from Japan to Seoul in addition to the Gyeongbu Railway. There was a need for Japanese imperialism to go to war after the ‘Manchurian Incident(9.28 Incident)’. In that sense, the Jeolla Railway has the character of an ‘invasion line’.